TLC Stains
Eventually this page will be updated to include stain name, recipe, type of molecule detected, and any other information deigned important.
Ammonium Molybdate
5g Mo7O24.6NH4
100mL 10% Sulfuric Acid
p-Anisaldehyde
9.2mL p-Methoxybenzaldehyde
3.75mL Acetic Acid
338mL 95% Ethanol
12.5mL Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Cerium Molybdate (Hanessian’s Stain)
5g CeSO4
25g (NH4)Mo7O24.4H2O
450mL Water
50mL Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Cerium Sulfate
8g Ce(SO4)2.2H2SO4
100mL 15% Sulfuric Acid
Copper Sulfate
3% (w/v) Cupric Sulfate in 15% Phosphoric Acid
2,4-DNP
12g 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
60mL Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
80mL Water
200mL 95% Ethanol
Ehrlich Reagent
1g p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
75mL Methanol
50mL Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid
Iodine
A few Iodine crystals
Sand or Silica Gel
OR
0.5g Iodine
100mL Chloroform
Iodoplatinate
10mL 5% PtCl2 Solution
5mL Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid
240mL 2% Aqueous Iodide Solution
Jones Reagent
Detection of alcohols by oxidation to aldehydes or ketones.
NOTE: Using Chromium; Dispose of Properly – Heavy Metal Waste
20g Na2CrO7
240mL Water
160mL Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Ninhydrin
Detection of Primary & Secondary Amines
1.5g Ninhydrin
5mL Acetic Acid
500mL 95% Ethanol
Phosphomolybdic Acid
NOTE: Store in Refrigerator
230g Phosphomolybdic Acid
1 gallon 95% Ethanol
Potassium Permanganate
Detection of oxidizable moities: alkenes, etc.
3g Potassium Permanganate
20g Potassium Carbonate
5mL 5% Sodium Hydroxide
300mL Water
Vanillin
NOTE: Store in Dark
60g Vanillin
1L 95% Ethanol
10mL Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
TLC References:
J. Touchstone Advances in Thin-Layer Chromatography; Wiley: New York, 1982.
J. Touchstone, M. Dobbins Practice of Thin-Layer Chromatography; Wiley: New York, 1978.
J. Gasparic, J. Churacek Laboratory Handbook of Paper and Thin-Layer Chromatography; Wiley: New York, 1978.
A. Zlatkis, R. E. Kaiser High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1977.
Thin-Layer Chromatography; A Laboratory Handbook E. Stahl, Ed.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1965.